Wrench.



A. IRING.

WRENGH.

APPLIOATIQN FILED MAY 5, 1911.

1,028,883, Patented June 11,1912.

11m. iii 1 1; Eu E 1 COLUMBIA PMNOGRAPH C0" WASHINGTON, D. c. I

. formed a second chamber.

AIDALBERT IRING, 0F GZERNOWITZ, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY;

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1912.

Application filed May 5, 1911. Serial No. 625,347.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, ADALBERT IRING, a subject of Emperor Francis Joseph I, and a resident of Czernowitz, Bukowina, Austria- Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

The object of my invention is to devise a new and useful wrench comprising a fixed and a movable jaw and mechanism substantially concealed for automatically holding the movable jaw from opening, but leaving it free to be manually closed to the desired degree.

In accomplishing the above results, I have provided the tool with a body portion including at its upper end "a permanent j aw for the wrench, and at its lower end one of the sides of the pliers, terminating in a sharpened edge affording one side of the pincers.

The body part serves as a handle for the wrench and for one side of the pliers and pincers. Within the body at the upper end is arranged a chamber provided with a groove for slidably engaging a rack upon which is constructed the lower jaw for the wrench. Within the said chamber is secured a second rack for engaging the first rack to lock the lower jaw in any desired position, the two racks being kept normally in spring-pressed engagement by a band spring forcing the lower rack upward.

Within the lower part of the body is This is to engage the side of the pliers containing the screw-driver. This side of the pliers has a tapering edge forming the other part of the pincers. The upper end is tapered to form the screw-driver. This member is passed through a slot in the chamber and is pivoted to swing therein. When in normal position it fits snugly within the chamber and a clip is provided to retain it therein. The rear side of the body portion is formed to adapt it for use as a hammer.

Referring more particularly to the drawings forming a part of this application in which like numerals indicate similar parts throughout, Figure l is a side elevation of my combination tool partly in section showing the pliers and pincers in opened and closed positions. Fig. 2 is a front View thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the line ww of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional yiew through the line y-y of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 5 is a fragmental side elevation of the wrench modified to accommodate a hexagonal nut.

The general appearance of my wrench is somewhat similar to the wrenches in common use, in that it provides two jaws proportioned and shaped to give them the greatest strength for the weight of mate- I rial used and at the same time making them easily applicable to the usual places where wrenches are required. Accordingly the v The weight of the tool is so proportioned that the workman is able to strike a heavy blow substantially as with an ordinary hammer of equal weight and length of handle.

In the front side of the head 2 is formed at suitable angles with the direction of the handle, right-angular faces 4 and 5. These faces form two sides of the socket 6 to receive the nut. A chamber 7 is formed in the head beneath the face 4 substantially parallel thereto and open at both ends and along the face L. The side walls 8 have I grooves 9 suitably near their top edges to form of the said edges tongues 10.

The lower jaw 11 is made detachable. It has a rack 12 projecting from its lower face, provided with side tongues 13 and grooves 14:. These are adapted to slidably fit within the respective grooves and tongues formed in the chamber. -The front wall 15 of the jaw forms the remaining side 7 of the socket for the nut, and when in position is at right angles to the face 4. I A locking rack 16 is provided to lock the lower jaw in any desired position. This rack is adapted to be placed in the chamber 7 by passing it therein from the top thereof.

A head 17 is formed on the rack, and the upper end of the chamber is correspondingly formed to receive the head to retain the rack from passing downwardly through the chamber, but at the same time providing means whereby it may be removed by passing it upwardly out of the chamber. To

hold the rack from thus passing up except when desired the head 2 is tapped and a setnuts.

The locking rack snugly engages the walls of chamber 7 at the head end thereof, but it tapers toward the opposite end to afiord the required play for the locking bar to enable it to be moved by'means of the finger grip into and out of engagement with its coacting rack on the lower jaw. To keep the locking bar normally in locking position and to enable it to automatically return to said position when displaced, a band spring 20 is provided. This may be secured either tc the locking rack as by screw 21, Fig. 1 or to the bed of the chamber as shown by screw 22,. Fig. 3. The spring in either case has --one end pressingupon the bed of the chamber and its other end pressing upwardly upon the locking rack to keep it normally in engagement with the rack on the lower jaw.

- The lower part of the handle is suitably formed to constitute one member 23 of the pliers. The handle is chambered at 24;. The

. other member. 25 of the pliers is made sepaparts together.

rately and is adapted to be passed through the slot formed in the chamber 24. A hole 26 is formed in this member and a similar hole 27 is formed in the handle in position to register therewith. A detachable pin 28 is passed through these holes to secure the The pin is preferably threaded at one end to be screwed in corresponding threads in one end of the hole 27. The outer end has formed thereon a head 29 enabling the screw to be easily removed by the thumb and fingers to disconnect the members. The lower end of the member 25 is formed similar to its opposite jaw 23 to constitute the other jaw 30 of the pliers proper. The inner faces of the two jaws o1 the pliers which are for engagement with the work on' which the pliers are used, have formed therein V-shaped teeth 31 to better grip therwork, and the respective ends of the members are tapered to edges forming the coacting jaws 32 and 33 of the pincers. The member 25 is of sufficient length to form a handle 34 for the plier and pincer on the end thereof. The handle is made tapering at its upper end to form the screw- Copies of this patent inay be obtained for driver 35. The chamber 24 preferably tapers along its rear wall to correspond with the tapering of the handle 34: so that when the members forming the pincers are in closed positions the handle will be entirely within the chamber and make a fiush connection along the outer face to aid in making a suitable handle for the wrench. To retain the parts in closed position within the chamber, I provide a clip 36 pivoted by screw 37 to the handle, and adapted to be swung over the screw-driver edge to hold itwithin the receptacle.

Fig. 5 shows a modified construction similar in all respects to that already described, with the exception that the end wall of the wrench socket is formed in two. parts 38 and 39 which are at suitable angles with each other and with the sides of the wrench to best engage a hexagonal nut. The movable jaw 40 is also provided with an elongated rack 11. This however is not peculiar to this construction but may likewise be used on the jaw of Fig. 1 if desired, giving additional strength when so used. When the wrench is being adjusted for the particular size nut to be turned, the end 19 of the locking rack is pushed by the finger disengaging the racks; the jaw is then let fall back to a greater extent than the size of the nut. The wrench is then placed upon the nut and the jaw brought up as far as it will go. This affords a quick means of adjusting the wrench for any size of nut.

Having thus described my invention I claim A wrench comprising a hand lever having a head at one end; a wrench jaw fixed to the head at one end; a chamber through the head at an angle to the hand lever, said chamber having tapered side walls at the fixed aw end of the head; a rack bar within said chamber having a head engaged by the tapered walls of the chamber to adapt the bar to resist a pull; a pivot screw at the head end of the bar to secure the bar againstbackward movement and to permit it to swing thereabout; a spring to keep the free end of the bar normally in a raised position; an operating handle formed by pro jecting the free end of the bar without the chamber; a movable jaw having a rack for engagement with the rack of the bar when in normal position to lock said jaw against outward displacement from the fixed jaw; and tongue and groove means for securing the jaw in sliding relation in the head.

ADALBERT IRING.

Witnesses Momrz GELBERT, KERSLEIN BAHER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

